TELZHAN SHONANULY’S SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO THE KAZAKH WRITING

This article analyzes the works of Telzhan Shonanuly, a well-known linguist, prominent figure in Kazakh linguistics at the beginning of the 20th century, talented educator, and representative of the Baitursynuly linguistic school, concerning Kazakh orthography and the Kazakh-Latin alphabet. The scientific articles and reports published by Shonanuly between 1924 and 1930 are used as sources, and issues such as writing, orthography, terminology, and the spelling of foreign words are examined. The article is divided into two main parts: the first part analyzes Shonanuly's works on the spelling of native words and Kazakh orthography in general; the second part considers his scientific and publicistic articles on the spelling of foreign words. We compared these works with complex and contradictory issues of modern Kazakh orthography and the works of A. Baitursynuly, Y. Omaruly and tried to reveal the content, essence, novelty and continuity of traditions. As a result of the research, the role and contribution of T. Shonanuly in the formation and development of Kazakh writing and orthography are given due recognition. This article is intended for researchers of Alash linguistics, scholars studying writing theory, and readers interested in the history of Kazakh linguistics. 

1. Ahmet Baitursynulynyng alipbi, zhazu, emle turaly engbekteri. (2023) Qurast.: E.Maralbek. Almaty: JK Asyl, 584 b. [Akhmet Baitursynuly's works on the alphabet, writing, spelling: textbook. (2023) Scientific commentary written and compiled by Y. Maralbek. Almaty: JK Asyl, 584 p.] (in Kazakh)

2. Amirzhanовa, N. (2012) Qazaqstandagy latyn zhazuynyng tarihi tagylymy. Almaty: Memlekettik tildi damytu instituty, 300 b. [Amirzhanova, N. (2012) Historical study of Latin script in Kazakhstan. Almaty: State Language Development Institute, 300 p.] (in Kazakh)

3. Kuderinовa, Q.B. (2013) Qazaq zhazuynyng tarihy men teоrijasy. Оqu quraly. Almaty: Eltanym baspasy, 242 b. [Kuderinовa, Q.B. (2013) History and theory of Kazakh writing. Educational tool. Almaty: Eltanym Publishing House, 242 p.] (in Kazakh)

4. Maralbek, E. (2022) Ahmet Baitursynulynyng qazaq tili dybystaryn zhikteu adisining gylymi negizdemesi. Ahmet Baitursynuly zhane qazaq tiltanymynyng bоlashaq bagdary. Almaty: Printexpress baspasy, 400 b. [Maralbek, Y. (2022) Scientific justification of Akhmet Baitursynovich's method of classification of sounds of the Kazakh language. Akhmet Baitursynovich and the future direction of Kazakh linguistics. Almaty: Print Express publishing house, 400 p.] (in Kazakh)

5. Momynova, B. (2022) Qazaq gazeti (1913-1918): alipbi, emle erekshelikteri zhane leksika-semantikasy. Almaty: Qazaq tili baspasy, 256 b. [Momynova, B. (2022) Kazakh newspaper (1913-1918): alphabet, spelling features and vocabulary and grammar. Almaty: Qazaq tili, 256 p.] (in Kazakh)

6. Оmaruly, E. (2018) Shygarmalary. 1-2 t. Tusiniktemesin zhazyp qurastyrushy: E. Maralbek. Almaty: Lugat baspasy. [Оmaruly, Y. (2018) Works of Yeldes Omaruly. 1-2 t. Compiler of the commentary: Y. Maralbek. Almaty: Lugat public fund.] (in Kazakh)

7. Qazaq bilimpazdarynyng tungysh s`ezi (1925). Qazaq emlesi turaly Telzhannyng pikirleri. Orynbor: Qazaq memleket baspasy. 118 b. [The First Congress of Kazakh Educators (1925).

8. Telzhan's Comments on Kazakh Spelling. Orynbor: Kazakh State Printing House, 118 p.] (in Kazakh)

9. Qazaq bilimpazdarynyng tungysh s`ezi (QBTS) (1925). Orynbor: Kazmembas, 121 b. [First Congress of Kazakh Educationists (KBTS) (1925). Orynbor: Kazmembas, 121 p.] (in Kazakh)

10. Shonanuly, T. (1929). Shet sozder emlesi zhaiynda (Emle s`ezine usynys retinde). Engbekshi qazaq gazet. N 66 (1395), 2 b. [Shonanuly, T. (1929) About the spelling of foreign words (as a proposal to the Spelling Congress). Enbekshi kazakh newspaper. N 66 (1395), 2 p.] (in Kazakh)

11. Shonanuly, T. (1929) Shet sozder emlesi zhaiynda (Emle s`ezine usynys retinde). Engbekshi qazaq gazeti. N 67 (1396), 3 b. [Shonanuly, T. (1929) About the spelling of foreign words (as a proposal to the Spelling Congress). Enbekshi kazakh newspaper, N 67 (1396), 3 p.] (in Kazakh)

12. Shonanuly, T. (1929) Оrys emlesi men alipbiin ozgertu maselesi. Engbekshi qazaq gazeti. N 265 (1594), 2 b. [Shonanuly, T. (1929) The problem of changing the Russian spelling and alphabet. Enbekshi kazakh newspaper, N 265 (1594), 2 p.] (in Kazakh)

13. Shonanuly, T. (1930) Emle turaly bajandamasy. Emle kоnferencijasy (stenоgrafijalyq esebi). Qyzylorda: QAZIZDAT, 110 b. [Shonanuly, T. (1930) Report on Spelling. Spelling Conference (shorthand report)]. Qyzylorda: KAZIZDAT, 110 p.] (in Kazakh)

14. Syzdyq, R. (2000) Qazaq tilining anyqtagyshy (emle, tynys belgileri, soz sazy). Astana: Elorda baspasy, 527 b. [Syzdyq, R. (2000) Kazakh language guide (spelling, punctuation marks, vocabulary). Astana: Elorda, 527 p.] (in Kazakh)

15. Uali, N. (1999) Ahmet Baitursynuly zhane qazaq zhazuynyng оntоgenezdik damuy. Ulttyq ruhtyng uly tini. Gylymi maqalalar zhinagy. Almaty: Bilim, 568 b. [Uali, N. (1999) Ahmet Baitursynuly and the ontogeny development of the Kazakh script. The great tissue of the national spirit. Collection of scientific articles. Almaty: Science, 568 p.] (in Kazakh)

16. Zhandоsuly, О., Shonanuly, T. (1928) Emle ozgertu zhajynda. Engbekshi qazaq gazeti. N 138 (1165), 3 b. [Zhandоsuly, О., Shonanuly, T. (1928) About changing the spelling. Enbekshi kazakh newspaper. N 138 (1165), 3 p.] (in Kazakh)