The article considers Arabic and Persian borrowings in the lexical fund of the Kazakh language not only from the lexical perspective, but also as indicators of civilizational, spiritual-cultural, historical-intellectual, and religious influence. The indicative potential of Arabic and Persian words is identified, and their positive and negative impact in written practice is revealed, not only as borrowed units but also as indicators of specific social, cultural, historical, and linguistic phenomena. In the course of the research, the definitions and features of the use of the terms “indicator” and “indicative potential” in linguistics were clarified and systematized on the basis of the works of foreign scholars, and new conclusions regarding their application to Arabic and Persian words were proposed. The article analyzes the functions of Arabic and Persian borrowings in the Kazakh language as indicators of religious-spiritual, cultural-ethical, socio-historical, stratificational, educational, scientific, national-value, and literary-linguistic processes. On the basis of concrete examples, it is demonstrated that these words possess indicator significance. Since the indicator is not only a marker but also a category describing the state of a certain linguistic situation, the article analyzes the positive and negative influence of the indicative potential of Arabic and Persian words in the Kazakh language. Furthermore, it is shown that in the modern period Arabic and Persian elements in the language, through medialect, exert an influence on the transformation of codified language norms.

This article examines the lexical paradigms of the Old Uyghur and Kazakh languages. Homonyms, synonyms, and antonyms of the two related languages – ancient and modern – are compared, and their similarities and differences are analyzed. The article aims to determine the use of homonyms, synonyms, and antonyms used in the Old Uyghur language in modern Kazakh, as well as to identify historical words that have survived to the present day through a comparison of the lexical paradigms of the two languages. The relevance of this article lies in the fact that a systematic review of the Kazakh and Old Uyghur languages, devoted to the homonym-synonym-antonym paradigms, has not yet been conducted in the Kazakh language. For example, in G. Aidarov's book “The Language of Ancient Uyghur Written Monuments,” published in 1991 and written in Kazakh, the issues of homonyms, synonyms, and antonyms were considered only in general terms. The article uses sentences from one of the written monuments of the Old Uyghur language, the sutra “Säkiz Yükmäk Yaruq”, as an example. The article uses comparative, comparative-historical, analytical, translation, and grouping methods. To achieve the goal of the article, the set tasks were accomplished and the following results were obtained: 1. Similar lexical paradigms in related languages were identified and grouped; 2. Similarities in historical words used in both languages were analyzed; 3. The reasons for significant changes in words in personal and semantic terms were determined. The Old Uyghur language is an important direction of the Turkic written tradition, and its data are especially valuable for a comparative understanding of the history of the Kazakh language. Therefore, this article has great practical and theoretical significance. It can be used as an auxiliary teaching aid on the history of the Kazakh language and the Old Turkic languages.

The article deals with the aspects of the study of the proper name, its multifaceted essence, various functions, connection with various extra-linguistic factors. The paper also identifies promising directions for further research in the field of onomastics of Turkic epic. The review is based on the analysis of scientific literature devoted to the onomastics of folklore texts. The methods of comparative-historical, structural-semantic, cognitive and ethnolinguistic analyses are used. Attention is paid to both classical studies in the field of onomastics and the latest publications reflecting modern trends in the study of epic names. Semantic, structural and functional features of proper names are defined, and their role in the formation of epic narrative and ethno-cultural identity is analysed. It is pointed out that at the functional-pragmatic aspect of the study of proper names in the works of Kazakh heroic the parameters of folklore onomastic space are determined, i.e. the categories (classes) of proper names functioning in the text of the epic are revealed, their quantitative and thematic composition is established, their main specific features are determined. The authors note that the modern linguistic paradigm is characterised by an interdisciplinary approach to the study of linguistic phenomena, which opens new perspectives for the analysis of the onomastic space of epic works. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the study of proper names in Kazakh heroic epic is an important direction of scientific research, which allows not only to deepen the understanding of linguistic and cultural features of Turkic peoples, but also contributes to the preservation of their unique heritage.

The article examines in detail the etymology and stylistic function of obsolete words in Kazakh paronyms. The study examines the nature of obsolete words, the peculiarities of their use in a literary text, and the pragmatic trends preserved in proverbs and sayings as a permanent part of oral folk literature. The article pays special attention to the etymology of obsolete words in paroemias and their functioning in the language, as well as demonstrates their skillful use for artistic and aesthetic purposes. At the same time, the etymology of obsolete words, their place in the language system, their structural features and semantic changes are proved by concrete examples. The theoretical basis of the article is the works of Kazakh scientists G. Kaliyev, A. Bolganbayev, A. Qaidar, R.Syzdyq, Zh. Mankeyeva, S. Sarybayev, A. Yskakov, A. Salqynbai, R. Avakova and others. The article pays special attention to the etymology of obsolete words in proverbs and their existence through language, demonstrating their skillful use in parodies for artistic and aesthetic purposes. In this context, it is proved that obsolete words are not only a linguistic element of vocabulary, but also an expression of the national spirit and historical memory. The article comprehensively describes the artistic possibility of language, its potential in conveying the national worldview, revealing the stylistic essence of obsolete words. The results of the study are an important linguistic and cultural material for such areas of Kazakh linguistics as paremiology, stylistics, historical lexicology and phraseology. The article is an auxiliary material that can provide a direction for research on the etymology of obsolete words and the study of the national linguistic heritage.

This article explores the national and cultural specificities of the concept of “happiness” in Kazakh and English through a comparative linguocultural and cognitive analysis. The research is grounded in a qualitative paradigm and aims to uncover the relationship between language and culture, as well as the unique features of national worldviews. The main objective is to identify the conceptual structure, semantic field, metaphorical models, and national-cultural representations of the notion of “happiness” in both languages. The analysis includes three main components: an etymological overview, a linguocultural examination based on paremiology and set expressions, and the interpretation of data from a semistructured survey. Paremiological analysis shows that in Kazakh, “baqyt” is often portrayed as a gift or blessing that comes from outside (“the bird of happiness”, “fortune shines”), while in English, “happiness” is typically viewed as a state resulting from personal action and choice (“Happiness is a choice”, “Happiness blooms from within”). The metaphorical models associated with happiness in Kazakh include “light”, “bird”, “blessing”, and “gift of fate”, whereas in English, the metaphors revolve around “path”, “flower”, “light”, “choice”, and “product”. The survey was conducted in Almaty and East Lansing, with responses from 30 Kazakh-speaking and 30 English-speaking participants. The interview questions focused on the personal and cultural perceptions of happiness. The semantic dominants, motivational characteristics, and cultural associations of the concept differ significantly between the two languages. The methodological framework of the study includes interpretive-phenomenological analysis, conceptual metaphor theory, as well as comparative and discourse-based linguistic approaches. The research material consisted of data from literary texts, proverbs, idioms, and natural discourse. The entire text and survey response data were plotted with Python in the Jupyter Notebook.

Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing significantly influence the development of modern technologies. AI offers opportunities to improve efficiency, save time, and optimize work processes across various fields. In recent years, the use of AI in education, particularly in language learning, has become widespread. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that, in the era of globalization, improving language learning through modern technological solutions is both important and promising. AI enables the development of adaptive curricula tailored to learners' proficiency levels, enhances learning efficiency, provides interactive educational materials, automates assessment of language skills, and increases motivation. This study explores approaches to developing a model for an integrated platform for learning the Kazakh language using AI. The aim of the study is to design an integrated platform model that supports the simultaneous development of language proficiency and flexible skills (soft skills) when teaching Kazakh in a translingual context using the generative capabilities of AI. To achieve this aim, existing AI-based platforms were analyzed, the scientific and methodological foundations of the translingual approach were defined, and the architecture of the proposed model was designed. The scientific novelty of the research lies in analyzing network platforms that utilize AI to identify optimal applications and in developing and proposing a platform model designed for second-language acquisition in a translingual framework by fostering flexible skills and comparing the target language with the native language. The study includes a comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of educational applications such as Course Hero, Gradescope, Cognii AI, Socratic, and Praktika AI. The findings indicate that Cognii AI and Praktika AI are the most effective for meeting learners’ needs. The practical significance of the study is that its results may be useful for educators, specialists, and developers of AI-based online platforms and may serve as a guideline for integrating such technologies into language education. The study proposes implementing a translingual approach through AI-based learning platforms, enabling learners to develop communication, critical thinking, and emotional intelligence by comparing the native and target languages.

The article discusses the role and functions of the technology of step-by-step complex analysis in the compilation of morphological markup of Abai's poems. The article provides a step-by-step comprehensive analysis of the morphological features of the words in Abai Kunanbayev's poem “Құлақтан кіріп бойды алар” (Penetrating the soul through hearing). To achieve this goal, the following research objectives are set: the features of the step-by-step structure analysis are analyzed. The features of the morphological analysis of Abai's poems using the “simplification” method are also considered. It is noted that the technology of step-by-step complex analysis is aimed at the formation of students' skills in correct pronunciation, literate writing, assimilation of the sound and verbal composition of the Kazakh language, grammatical structure and norms of the literary language. An excerpt from Abai Kunanbayev's poem is presented. The special features of the analysis of the word “my mood” in the poem based on the author's technology are considered. The composition of the word “my mood” is determined, the morphological features characteristic of this word are highlighted. Definitions characteristic of the main and single root are given. General and categorical grammatical meanings of this word are determined using the technology of stepby-step complex analysis. The features of the analysis of the poem by the method of addition to a monostich are shown in a special diagram. The necessity of digital processing of Abai's poems is discussed. Modern technologies open up wide opportunities for studying, analyzing, processing Abai's works and obtaining statistical data. The importance of Abai's legacy in replenishing the National Corpus of the Kazakh language is noted, and the features of modeling his poems using corpus technologies are considered.

The article addresses the issues of prosodic and orthophonic norms in the speech synthesis of the Kazakh language. Currently, there is a growing need to develop and improve speech synthesis for the Kazakh language. This need is linked to the rapid development of modern technologies and artificial intelligence, which has stimulated relevant research. The article emphasizes the importance of improving speech synthesis, as well as the need for accurate reading by announcers in accordance with orthophonic norms and the precise conveyance of prosodic features. For the study, a 62-page text from the 11th-grade “Kazakh Literature” textbook was used. The text examines phonetic phenomena such as segmentation into syntagms, harmony of vowels and consonants, agreement between roots and affixes, changes between rhythmic groups, assimilation, dissimilation, reduction, variation, and elision, all in accordance with orthophonic norms. In addition, to ensure natural speech synthesis in accordance with orthoepic and prosodic norms, an algorithm was developed to describe sound changes within words, at word boundaries, and between rhythmic groups, and the text was annotated with prosodic markup. The educational material was subjected to prosodic analysis, during which eight intonemes characteristic of the Kazakh language and described by academician Z.M. Bazarbaeva were used.

This article investigates the identification of essential lexical units necessary for elementary-level instruction in the Kazakh language at the university level, in accordance with state language proficiency standards. To achieve this objective, textbooks designed for A1-level instruction at universities are analyzed, with particular attention given to the frequency of 800 lexical units. The study further evaluates the lexical minimum required for Kazakh as a foreign language to ensure its alignment with the competencies that students are expected to acquire at the initial stage of language learning. Additionally, both theoretical and practical foundations are refined to align with established language standards. The primary aim of this research is to determine the fundamental lexical units essential for elementary-level proficiency in the Kazakh language through a systematic analysis of educational materials used at the A1 level in university settings. The study addresses the issue of defining a lexical minimum in university textbooks, assessing the frequency and thematic distribution of 800 lexical units critical for developing proficiency at the elementary level. Moreover, the research identifies the challenges students encounter in acquiring specific vocabulary, proposes effective solutions, and recommends updates to the lexical minimum. The research methodology incorporates data collection, lexical analysis, frequency analysis, and thematic analysis. The practical significance of this study lies in its capacity to identify the most fundamental and frequently used lexical units, ensuring their inclusion in educational materials. This, in turn, facilitates the development of students’ communicative competencies and serves as a foundational resource for the creation of high-quality textbooks and instructional materials. The issue of the lexical minimum in university textbooks has not been addressed until now. This article aims to fill this gap and helps provide learners with specific language material. During the research, methods such as data collection, lexical analysis, frequency analysis, and comparative analysis were used. The research results and main recommendations will make it possible to identify the most essential and frequently used lexical minimum that should be included in educational materials, as well as help develop the necessary communicative skills in students. This will serve as a guideline for the development of high-quality textbooks and teaching aids.

The article examines the scientific and public and social foundations of the formation of a common terminology fund of the Turkic languages. The aim of the study is to create a mutually understandable and unified terminological space taking into account the linguistic features, historical and cultural continuity of the Turkic peoples by defining common methods and mechanisms of term formation. The relevance of the study lies in the growing need for a common and understandable terminology fund to strengthen scientific, cultural and technical ties between Turkic-speaking countries in the context of globalization. The authors analyzes effective methods of term formation (calquing, formation using cognate words, semantic adaptation, etc.), determining their scientific and practical advantages and possibilities of application. The presented ideas and conclusions contribute to the linguistic integration of the Turkic peoples and the formation of a common communicative space. The value of the work is in revealing the theoretical foundations for creating common terms based on the Turkic languages, and the practical significance is in the possibility of using these terms in education and science. The conclusion provides specific proposals to promote the linguistic integration of the Turkic peoples. It is expected that the results of the study will make a significant contribution to the coordination and harmonization of common Turkic terminology.

Internet communication, with its interactivity, presence effect, and information content, has become an integral part of modern life. The diversity of social interaction online offers new opportunities and significantly influences society. One of the most popular forms of Internet communication today is the blog, a regularly updated website where authors publish posts to express their opinions, ideas, or information on various topics. Interactions range from simple information sharing to scientific discussions, commentary, editing, and data input. Official blogs, in addition to informing and interacting with citizens, also contribute to expanding the use of the state language in Kazakhstan. The study aims to analyze various genre features and stylistic characteristics of blogs on “Open Dialogue”, the platform for intercommunication among citizens and government agencies of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Particular attention is given to the key linguistic aspects of blog posts, including the analysis of their style, structure, and content. During the analysis, both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied to the official's blog posts. A mixed-method approach was used to conduct the experiment. The blog entries were considered as a specific informational model, and examined in terms of the official's communication with the public in the information space, media culture, and level of interactive engagement. In addition, blog posts were taken as a special information template and examined from the points of view of communication, media culture, and interactive activity of officials with the public in the information space. The study also examines blog posts as a tool for shaping public opinions and contributes to a better understanding of how blogs function in today's digital society. The Kazakhstani experience with the “Open Dialogue” portal demonstrates that a hybrid communication style, which is blending elements of formal authority with interactive, personal discourse, is crucial for transforming official blogs into genuine tools for public engagement. The findings may offer practical insights for content developers, linguists, communication specialists, and policymakers.

Language is not merely a means of communication but also a repository of the accumulated knowledge and experience of a people, their spiritual essence, value system, and philosophical worldview. Through language, a nation’s perception of the world and its rich heritage handed down from past generations are revealed. In this respect, the vocabulary and grammatical system of a language serve as the primary channel for transmitting experience, patterns of thought, and
observations from one generation to the next. The lexical layer, in particular, plays a crucial role as it embodies ethnocultural content. Among these are the names of musical instruments, which reflect national identity. To uncover the ethnocultural essence of the concept qobyz, it is essential to examine it in inseparable connection with the history, daily life, and worldview of the people, as well as to consider it as a lexical group shaping the semantic space of the native language. While Kazakh linguistics has addressed the meaning, etymology, and cognitive associations of ethnocultural vocabulary, as well as the relationship between ethnographic units and culture, the ethnocultural representation of national musical instruments has not been sufficiently explored. This study focuses on defining the vitality of language through the concept of the qobyz, which is of both scholarly and practical relevance. The central aim is to investigate the contemporary associative image of the qobyz within the worldview of the Kazakh people. By analyzing ethnocultural notions associated with the term, the study seeks to deepen the understanding of the unity of language and nation, to assess the preservation of the national code, and to highlight the role of the native language in maintaining cultural distinctiveness in the context of globalization. The collective consciousness related to the qobyz was identified using free association and survey methods. The findings demonstrated that, in the perception of youth, musical instruments are closely tied to the people’s way of life and traditions. This underscores the role of language in preserving ethnic identity and transmitting sacred concepts of the Kazakh worldview to future generations. The data were obtained by employing the word qobyz as an associative stimulus.

Linguoculturology is described as a complex scientific field that examines language in relation to national culture, historical consciousness, and ethnic worldview. The article defines the theoretical and methodological foundations of linguistic and foreign studies, analyzes the content and function of the concept based on the views of various scientists. During the research, lexical units reflecting the worldview of the Kazakh people were selected: related names, ethical positions, dastarkhan culture, national clothing names, linguistic data related to the place of birth and historical events, as well as units related to famous personalities, and their linguistic and cultural content was comprehensively considered. The methods of descriptive, structural-semantic and interpretative analysis are used as a methodological basis. The materials included in the dictionary are aimed at foreign language learners and are presented in an understandable and visual format that allows for a deeper explanation of the national identity, culture and ideological specifics of the Kazakh people. The information is complemented by visual and multimedia means (image, map, video, QR code) and is considered as a resource suitable for learning a language from a practical point of view. The research results are aimed at strengthening the intercultural aspect of teaching the Kazakh language, promoting national values and increasing their cultural and cognitive potential. The linguocultural dictionary developed on this basis will become a new type of educational tool, unique in Kazakh linguistics, providing students of the Kazakh language and foreign travelers with comprehensive information about the customs and traditions, national language, and spiritual culture of the Kazakh people.

This article explores the meaning of the term “linguosynergetics”, which has gained increasing prominence in recent years. The aim of the study is to review the historical development of the concept of synergy, clarify the definition of “linguosynergetics”, and present the results of an analysis of publications indexed in the Scopus database from 2005 to 2025. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the concept of synergy, research conducted across various scientific domains clearly demonstrates its relevance and applicability. The theoretical significance of this study lies in the systematization of knowledge related to linguosynergetics and in fostering a deeper understanding of contemporary research in this field. The practical significance is reflected in the contribution to the development of a more comprehensive understanding of synergy and linguosynergetics, based on the analysis of scholarly publications and empirical research findings. Based on the study of the origin of the term, scientific literature, and a wide range of sources, the authors conclude that understanding the patterns of synergy is essential for investigating complex and open systems within society, including linguistic systems. The research methodology includes comparative-chronological and statistical analysis. The study is based on a review of hundreds of scholarly works published in the Scopus database between 2005 and 2025, focusing on synergy and linguosynergetics. The findings are illustrated using comparative diagrams.

The article is devoted to the structure and content of the universal electronic dictionary of the Kazakh language as a web-based tool of the National Corpus of the Kazakh language, ways of its development and use. The article discusses the differences between electronic dictionaries and published dictionaries, their specific features and difficulties, types with reference to scientific literature. Using the qualitative description method, descriptions were given and electronic dictionaries were analyzed. Domestic electronic dictionaries were divided into types such as web dictionaries, which collected electronic versions of published dictionaries, web dictionaries developed on electronic platforms for users, and summary dictionaries to provide brief information about each electronic dictionary. A general review of the electronic dictionaries of the Friendship of Independent States member states has been conducted. Foreign electronic dictionaries were analyzed in terms of content, structure, and features, divided into universal, explanatory, summary, historical, slang, visual, and translation types. Taking into account this domestic and foreign experience, the course of development, program structure, specific features and universality of the “Universal Electronic Dictionary of the Kazakh language” developed by the A. Baitursynuly Institute of Linguistics was described. This dictionary serves as a web-based tool for the National corpus of the Kazakh language. Because the National corpus and the web dictionary are a digital resource that complement each other with linguistic data. The comparative analysis revealed the similarity and difference of this universal dictionary from other Russian electronic dictionaries.

This article examines the phenomenon of the urbanization of the Kazakh language through its reflection in song lyrics. Since the early 2000s, Kazakhstan has been undergoing a process of urbanization, that is, the migration of people to cities. This phenomenon is not limited to a mere change in the habitual living environment of Kazakh citizens but leads to its complete transformation. In this regard, observing the way the citizens perceive the urban environment and integrate into the new surroundings from the linguistic viewpoint becomes one of the most relevant issues. Language factor plays a crucial role in easing and accelerating the process of integration into the city space. However, the transformation of the linguistic environment among people who have recently settled in cities is, in itself, a complex phenomenon. At the same time, observing linguistic perception in the adoption of urban environments by Kazakhstan’s residents is one of the most relevant issues today. In this regard, the article seeks to answer the following question: What is the image of the city in the mind of a Kazakhspeaking resident who has recently moved to an urban area? In accordance with this research goal, the article attempts to demonstrate the process of urbanization through the analysis of Kazakh-language song lyrics. The corpus for this study consists of Kazakh-language song texts that were popular in Kazakh pop music from 2014 to 2025. The study analyzes the frequency of city names in the lyrics, the dominant patterns in the description of Kazakhstani cities, and attitudes toward the urban environment. The article considers the impact of urbanization on musical culture and its stylistic movements, the reflection of the urban rhythm of life in song lyrics, and the cultural phenomena inherent to the cityscape. The research uses methods of statistical analysis, descriptive analysis, semantic analysis, and comparative analysis.The research findings reveal the social nature of the urban settlement process in Kazakhstan and offer a novel perspective on urbanization. The analysis of society’s attitude toward urbanization based on song lyrics contributes to deepening the theoretical understanding of sociolinguistic processes.

A comparative study of humor in a linguocultural aspect among various ethnic groups aims to identify and analyze the spiritually significant values of Kazakh and English cultures, as well as to examine the mechanisms of their transformation. Cultural values are reflected in humorous texts, which are closely intertwined with the daily life and traditions of each nation, manifesting in diverse ways. In this regard, analyzing humor in Kazakh and English from the perspective of its semiotic nature, encompassing pragmatic, syntactic, and syntagmatic levels, is both relevant and significant. In the study, the pragmatic aspect is considered through the lens of normative-evaluative and situational-logical discrepancies, the syntactic aspect is examined in the context of genre transformations of comic elements, while the syntagmatic aspect is interpreted as the interaction between the comic effect and its semiotic form. The purpose of the study is to identify cultural and linguistic differences in the mechanisms of construction of Kazakh and English humorous discourse. It also aims to describe the structural characteristics that determine the interpretation of communication links (pragmatic, syntactic and syntagmatic). Achieving this goal requires solving the following tasks: analyzing the structure of humorous communication, examining pragmatic realizations, syntactic incongruities, and syntagmatic features to determine their specificity. The study employs linguistic, linguocultural, and pragmalinguistic methods of analysis. The research material consists of Kazakh humorous expressions and English jokes, selected from well-known literary, cultural, and online sources. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the linguistic structure of humorous discourse, which has not previously been the subject of a comprehensive study in Kazakh linguistics, is presented in a comparative perspective based on Kazakh and English language materials. The results of the study contribute to the development of discourse theory within the framework of linguocultural studies. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of applying its findings in higher education courses on general linguistics, speech culture, pragmatics, and text linguistics, as well as in expanding scientific knowledge about the pragmatics of humor and speech acts.

This article analyzes the issues of polysemy, synonymy, and variation of terms in the Kazakh language, substantiating that one of the ways to address these issues is through the development of terminological databases and specialized terminological subcorpora. The role of such resources in the standardization of terminology is described from both linguistic and extralinguistic perspectives. The study includes a comparative analysis of the structure, technical, and linguistic characteristics of both foreign and domestic terminological resources (UNTERM, IATE, TermCom, terminological corpus, etc.), identifying the requirements for their development, their functions, and their significance in education, scientific research, and professional fields. Terminological databases were classified according to various features (purpose, target audience, language affiliation, usage type). As a result, principles for the standardization of terms were proposed (accuracy in conveying concepts and meanings, compliance with linguistic features, creation of new terms, compatibility with equivalents in other languages). Actions aimed at the standardization of Kazakh terminology were also outlined (transition of terminology into the digital space, increasing accessibility of standardized terms, and optimizing scientific and educational processes). The research utilizes academic works that examine methods, criteria, principles, and models for the development of terminological standards, as well as domestic and foreign terminological databases, corpora, and sectoral dictionaries. Methods such as generalization, description, comparison, analysis, and modeling were applied to study the issue of term polysemy.

The article explores the integration of the linguocultural component into the teaching of the Russian language as a means of strengthening the national identity of schoolchildren in the multiethnic society of Kazakhstan. The aim of the research is to develop and test a methodology aimed at fostering cultural awareness and ethnocultural competence among students through the inclusion of phraseological units, cultural symbols, and literary texts by Kazakh authors in the educational process. The paper analyzes theoretical approaches to linguoculturology and linguodidactics, compares traditional and innovative teaching methods, and presents the results of a pedagogical experiment conducted among 7th-grade students. The experiment demonstrated a noticeable improvement in both linguistic and cultural competence in the experimental group compared to the control group. Additionally, the study examines barriers hindering the integration of ethnocultural materials into mainstream school curricula and outlines methodological solutions to overcome them. Examples of adapted tasks facilitating intercultural dialogue in Russian language classes are also provided. The novelty of the study lies in the purposeful adaptation of culturally-oriented tasks to the school level and the use of multimedia resources for ethnocultural socialization. Its practical significance is reflected in the development of methodological recommendations for teachers on incorporating linguocultural elements into school curricula.

This article touches upon the topics of text, text linguistics and text adaptation. The main topic of the article is one of the urgent problems of modern linguistics – text adaptation. In addition, the conclusions and principles of scientists studying the linguistics of the text are analyzed, and an analytical review is made. Modern ways of text adaptation are discussed. Over the past twenty to thirty years, interest in this field of linguistics has attracted the attention of foreign and domestic scientists. In this regard, this article provides an analytical review of the researchers' work. The article uses methods of generalization, comparison, analysis, reduction, and others. In addition, several areas of text linguistics are being considered, which are currently developing. The research and discussion section provides an adapted version of the first three sentences of the story “Taza Bulaq” (The Pure Spring). It is shown that the source text can be adapted into a secondary text using the reduction method. The relationship between the source and secondary text is analyzed. One of the main areas of text adaptation is its compliance with the language level, which is currently very relevant. The assimilation of lexical units corresponding to his level in the process of learning a second language can increase the motivation of the reader to learn the language. In this regard, the article examines the importance of text adaptation in the process of language learning.